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Impact of the gold rush on California:
Gold was first discovered in California by James Marshall in early
1848. Later that year, gold seekers from the west coast converged on
the American River--50 miles or so from Sacramento--where Marshall
first saw the shiny metal. Within a matter of months, word spread
eastward and by 1849 thousands were en route to California. Some
traveled overland on the already established Oregon-California
Trail. Others traveled by ship around the tip of South America.
Still others took shortcuts across Panama and Mexico. Regardless of
the route, it was an intensely difficult journey.
The gold-seekers were dubbed "49ers" because most left home in 1849.
Importantly, 49ers were not uniquely American. Quite the contrary,
the California gold rush was a world event, attracting gold-seekers
from Mexico, China, Germany, France, Turkey--nearly every country in
the world.
Although gold was easy to find at
first, it quickly became an difficult enterprise that yielded less
and less. Those who did find gold often spent it all on the basic
necessities of life. The biggest moneymakers were entrepreneurs who
supplied the gold miners with much-needed supplies and services.
The Gold Rush established California
as a place for life in the fast lane. It has been 150 years since
that most significant event in California and the nation’s history.
In 1848 a cry rang out that uprooted homes the world over and sent
ships to the sea, wagons to the Northwest and hopes and dreams
skyward. The cry was GOLD and the California Gold Rush was on.
The Gold Rush had a profound impact on the settling of California.
Hundreds of thousands came to find gold, and many of them stayed.
San Francisco became the great emporium of the Pacific.
The Gold Rush also had a tremendous impact on the culture. It
spawned such words as pay dirt, prospector, lucky strike and bonanza
that became popular during that time. Hollywood capitalized on it by
making a movie, Paint Your Wagon, starring Lee Marvin and Clint
Eastwood. Mark Twain and Bret Harte wrote about the Gold Rush after
it was over and turned it into a mythic history.
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